a rise in intracellular Ca2+ acts through multiple pathways to increase ATP synthesis.
Ca2+ binding sites have been identified in F-ATP synthase.
Such results are a reminder that the role of Mg2+ in the ATP synthase catalysis.
這些結果提醒我們,Mg2+(鎂離子)在ATP合酶催化中的作用。
[MgADP]-dependent mitochondrial ATP synthase activity
[Mg(鎂)ADP]依賴線粒體ATP合酶活性
At high magnesium concentrations ADP import, ATP-synthesis by ATP synthase
and ATP export increased.
在高鎂濃度下,ADP的輸入,ATP合成酶和ATP輸出的ATP合成增加。
mitochondrial Mg2+ activates F0/F1-ATP synthase
線粒體Mg2+(鎂離子)激活F0 / F1-ATP合成酶
ATP production from food metabolism. Amino acids, monosaccharides, and fatty acids
are produced from the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, respectively,from which pyruvate and/or acetyl-CoA are obtained, which, in turn, are generally metabolized in the Krebs cycle and the oxidative phosphorylation system.
食物代謝產生的ATP。
氨基酸,單醣和脂肪酸分別從蛋白質,碳水化合物和脂肪的代謝中產生,從中獲得丙酮酸和/或乙酰輔酶A,它們通常在克雷布斯循環中被代謝並氧化磷酸化系統。
Metabolic therapies that have been reported to produce a positive effect
include coenzyme Q(10) (ubiquinone), other antioxidants such as ascorbic acid
and vitamin E, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, vitamin K (phylloquinone and menadione),
and carnitine.
據報導可產生積極作用的代謝療法包括輔酶Q(10)(泛醌),其他抗氧化劑,
如抗壞血酸和維生素E,核黃素(維它命B2),硫胺素(維它命B1),菸酸(維它命B3),
維生素K(葉醌和甲萘醌)和肉鹼。
The goal of these therapies is to increase mitochondrial ATP production
這些療法的目的是增加線粒體ATP的產生
In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that there
is a significant increase in ATP synthetic capacity in lymphocytes from patients
undergoing cofactor treatment.
在本研究中,我們首次證明接受輔助因子治療的患者淋巴細胞的ATP合成能力顯著增加。
Of particular relevance here, the active forms of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin,
and pantothenic acid are essential co-enzymes in mitochondrial aerobic respiration
and cellular energy production via their direct roles in the citric acid cycle,
the electron transport chain and the resultant formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP),
the cell’s energy currency. Acetyl-CoA (incorporating pantothenic acid) provides
the main substrate for this cycle [9,11,14,32,33,34].
在此特別相關的是,硫胺素(B1),核黃素(B2),菸酸(B3)和泛酸(B5)的活性形式
是線粒體有氧呼吸和細胞能量(ATP)產生中必不可少的輔酶,因為它們直接作用於檸檬酸循環,
電子傳輸鏈以及由此形成的三磷酸腺苷(ATP),細胞的能量貨幣。 乙醯輔酶A(摻入泛酸)
為該循環提供了主要底物[9,11,14,32,33,34]。
Figure 1顯示ATP產生和維他命B1、B2有關
總結以上:
關於細胞能量ATP的合成,一般人缺少的應該是維它命B群,因為食物中含量較少;ATP合成也需要鎂、鈣。
所以平時從事高耗能的運動、活動、工作,建議應該要補充高劑量維它命B群。
市面上賣的維他命B群健康食品通常都是高劑量單位的,
例如:
https://zh-tw.ecaf(的相反)book.com/easydacom/